Ignalina Source Book

Table of Contents

• ABSTRACT

• TABLE OF CONTENTS

• LIST OF FIGURES

• LIST OF TABLES

• LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS

• ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

• INTRODUCTION FOR THE EXTENDED AND UPDATED VERSION

• 1. INTRODUCTION AND HISTORICAL CONTEXT
  • 1.1 GENERAL PLANT DESCRIPTION
    • 1.1.1 Location of Plant
    • 1.1.2 Plant Panorama
    • 1.1.3 Plant Layout
    • 1.1.4 Power Plant Parameters
  • 1.2 COMPARISON WITH OTHER FACILITIES
  • 1.3 IDENTIFICATION OF DESIGN ORGANIZATIONS AND CONTRACTORS
  • 1.4 OPERATIONAL RESPONSIBILITY FOR THE IGNALINA NP

• 2. SITE CHARACTERISTICS
  • 2.1 GEOGRAPHY AND DEMOGRAPHY
  • 2.2 POPULATION DISTRIBUTION
  • 2.3 NEARBY INDUSTRIAL REGIONS
  • 2.4 METEOROLOGY
  • 2.5 HYDROLOGIC ENGINEERING
  • 2.6 GEOLOGICAL AND SEISMOLOGICAL EFFECTS

• 3. DESIGN OF STRUCTURES, COMPONENTS, EQUIPMENT AND SYSTEMS
  • 3.1 DESIGN LOADING
    • 3.1.1 External
      • 3.1.1.1 Air-Shock Wave
      • 3.1.1.2 Water
      • 3.1.1.3 Missiles
      • 3.1.1.4 Seismic
    • 3.1.2 Internal
      • 3.1.2.1 Postulated Piping Ruptures
      • 3.1.2.2 Assumed Missile Effects
  • 3.2 DESIGN OF STEEL STRUCTURES
    • 3.2.1 Standard Practices
    • 3.2.2 Material Properties
    • 3.2.3 Failure Design Criteria
    • 3.2.4 Qualification Tests of Reactor Components
  • 3.3 DESIGN OF CONCRETE STRUCTURES
    • 3.3.1 Standard Construction Practices
    • 3.3.2 Material Properties Used
  • 3.4 SELECTION OF MECHANICAL AND ELECTRICAL EQUIPMENT
    • 3.4.1 Compliance with Code Requirements
    • 3.4.2 Qualification Tests and Analyses

• 4. REACTOR
  • 4.1 DESIGN BASIS
  • 4.2 DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM
    • 4.2.1 The Graphite Stack
    • 4.2.2 Reactor Metal Structures
    • 4.2.3 Biological Shielding
    • 4.2.4 Fuel Assembly and Fuel Channel
      • 4.2.4.1 Fuel Assembly
      • 4.2.4.2 Fuel Channel
      • 4.2.4.3 Pressure Tube - Graphite Gap
  • 4.3 REACTIVITY CONTROL SYSTEM
    • 4.3.1 Special Purpose Channels
    • 4.3.2 Fuel Handling System
    • 4.3.3 Control Rod Drive Characteristics
  • 4.4 REACTOR DRAINING SYSTEM
    • 4.4.1 The Reactor Cavity Draining System
    • 4.4.2 Metal Structures and Peripheral Ionization Chambers Draining System
  • 4.5 OPERATIONAL PROCEDURES
    • 4.5.1. Startup
    • 4.5.2 Shutdown
    • 4.5.3 Refueling Operation

• 5. MAIN CIRCULATION CIRCUIT
  • 5.1 THE MCC THROUGH THE CORE
    • 5.1.1 Group Distribution Header, Water Piping, Isolation and Control Valve
    • 5.1.2 Fuel Channels: Operation Parameters
    • 5.1.3 Steam-Water Piping
  • 5.2 SEPARATION OF STEAM
    • 5.2.1 Separator Drums
    • 5.2.2 Connections at the Liquid and Steam Level between Separator Drums
    • 5.2.3 Downcomers
    • 5.2.4 MCP Suction Headers
  • 5.3 FORCED CIRCULATION
    • 5.3.1 Main Circulation Pumps
    • 5.3.2 Suction and Pressure Piping of the MCPs
    • 5.3.3 MCP Pressure Header
    • 5.3.4 Pipe Connections between Suction Headers and Pressure Headers
    • 5.3.5 Pipe Connections between the Pressure Header and the Group Distribution Header
  • 5.4 STEAM PIPING
    • 5.4.1 Protection of the MCC from Pressure Surges
      • 5.4.1.1 Fast-Acting Steam Discharge Valve SDV-C
      • 5.4.1.2 High Pressure Steam Loop
  • 5.5 THE WATER FEEDBACK SYSTEM
    • 5.5.1 Operation
    • 5.5.2 Operation Parameters of the Water Feedback System
    • 5.5.3 Components of the System
      • 5.5.3.1 Condensate Pumps
      • 5.5.3.2 Filtration of the Condensate
      • 5.5.3.3 Pre-Heating the Condensate
      • 5.5.3.4 Deaerators
      • 5.5.3.5 Main Feed Water Pumps
      • 5.5.3.6 Auxiliary Feed Water Pumps
      • 5.5.3.7 Main Feeder
      • 5.5.3.8 Auxiliary Feeder
      • 5.5.3.9 Mixers
      • 5.5.3.10 Valves in the Feedwater Piping
  • 5.6 PURIFICATION AND COOLING SYSTEM
  • 5.7 CONTROL ROD COOLING CIRCUIT
    • 5.7.1 Top Storage Tank
    • 5.7.2 Distribution Piping
    • 5.7.3 Connections between the Instrumentation Channels and the Heat Exchangers
    • 5.7.4 Coolers
    • 5.7.5 Connections between the Coolers and the Circulation Pumps
    • 5.7.6 Bottom Storage Tank
    • 5.7.7 Circulation Pumps
    • 5.7.8 Connections between the Pumps and the Top Tank
    • 5.7.9 Other Piping and Auxiliaries
  • 5.8 FUEL CLADDING INTEGRITY MONITORING SYSTEM
  • 5.9 MATERIALS

• 6. ENGINEERED SAFETY FUTURES
  • 6.1 MEASUREMENT OF REACTOR PARAMETERS
  • 6.2 PLANT RADIATION PROTECTION
    • 6.2.1 Habitability Requirements
    • 6.2.2 Examination Techniques and Procedures
    • 6.2.3 Radiation Monitoring Instrumentation
    • 6.2.4 Scheduling of Inspections
  • 6.3 ACCIDENT CONFINEMENT SYSTEM
    • 6.3.1 Purpose and Applicability
    • 6.3.2 Design Characteristics of the ACS
    • 6.3.3 ACS Structural Characteristics
    • 6.3.4 Condenser Tray Cooling System
    • 6.3.5 Reactor Cavity Overpressure Protection System
    • 6.3.6 Description of ACS Response
      • 6.3.6.1 Accident in the Reinforced Leaktight Compartment
      • 6.3.6.2 Rupture of the Group Distribution Header
      • 6.3.6.3 Rupture of a Fuel Channel
      • 6.3.6.4 Inadvertent Opening of the MSVs
      • 6.3.6.5 Small Pipe Break Accident
      • 6.3.6.6 Hydrogen Release
    • 6.3.7 ACS Leakage Testing
  • 6.4 REACTOR POWER CONTROL
    • 6.4.1 Reactivity Coefficients
    • 6.4.2 Measurement and Control of Reactor Power
      • 6.4.2.1 Reactor Neutron Flux Measurement
      • 6.4.2.2 Power Density Distribution Monitoring System
    • 6.4.3 Control and Protection System
      • 6.4.3.1 Neutron Flux Control
      • 6.4.3.2 Control Rods
  • 6.5 EMERGENCY PROCESS PROTECTION SYSTEM
  • 6.6 EMERGENCY CORE COOLING SYSTEM
    • 6.6.1 Purpose of the ECCS
    • 6.6.2 System Description
    • 6.6.3 Operation of the ECCS

• 7. AUXILIARY SYSTEMS
  • 7.1 SYSTEM FOR COLLECTION AND PURIFICATION OF DEMINERALIZED WATER
    • 7.1.1 The Pumping Station of Contaminated DW
    • 7.1.2 The DW Purification Facility
    • 7.1.3 The Pumping Station of Purified DW
    • 7.1.4 System Operation
  • 7.2 AUXILIARY DEAERATOR MAKEUP SYSTEM
    • 7.2.1 General Description
    • 7.2.2 Operational Procedures of the Auxiliary Deaerator Makeup System
  • 7.3 SERVICE WATER SYSTEM
    • 7.3.1 General Description
    • 7.3.2 HEs of ACS Condenser Tray Cooling System
    • 7.3.3 Diesel Generators Cooling System
  • 7.4 INTERMEDIATE CIRCUITS
    • 7.4.1 Intermediate Circuit of the PCS Water Final Coolers IC-1
    • 7.4.2 Intermediate Circuit for MCC Equipment IC-2
  • 7.5 FISSION PRODUCT REMOVAL AND CONTROL SYSTEM
    • 7.5.1 Reactor Gas Circuit and Vented Gas Cleaning System
    • 7.5.2 Reactor Channel Integrity Monitoring system
    • 7.5.3 Venting System for the Reactor and the MCC Compartments

• 8. ELECTRIC POWER SUPPLY SYSTEM
  • 8.1 OFF-SITE POWER SYSTEM
  • 8.2 ON-SITE POWER SYSTEM
    • 8.2.1 Normal Power Sources
    • 8.2.2 Auxiliary Power Supply
      • 8.2.2.1 6 kV Power Supply
      • 8.2.2.2 0.4 kV Power Supply
      • 8.2.2.3 DC 220 V Normal Power Supply
      • 8.2.2.4 Cables
    • 8.2.3 Emergency Power Supply System
      • 8.2.3.1 Reliable Power Supply System
      • 8.2.3.2 Uninterruptible Power Supply System
    • 8.2.4 Power Supply to Instrumentation and Control Systems

• 9. STEAM AND POWER CONVERSION SYSTEM
  • 9.1 MAIN STEAM SUPPLY SYSTEM
  • 9.2 TURBINE AND CONDENSER
  • 9.3 GENERATOR

• 10. SYSTEM ANALYSIS
  • 10.1 REACTOR CONTROL AND PROTECTION SYSTEM
  • 10.2 EMERGENCY PROCESS PROTECTION SYSTEM
  • 10.3 EMERGENCY CORE COOLING SYSTEM
  • 10.4 ACCIDENT CONFINEMENT SYSTEM
  • 10.5 FEEDWATER AND STEAM SUPPLY SYSTEM
  • 10.6 SUPPORT SYSTEMS

• 11. ACCIDENT ANALYSIS
  • 11.1 REQUIREMENTS FOR ACCIDENT ANALYSIS
  • 11.2 ACCIDENTS INITIATED BY EQUIPMENT FAILURES
  • 11.3 LOSS OF COOLANT ACCIDENTS
  • 11.4 REACTIVITY INITIATED ACCIDENTS
  • 11.5 ANTICIPATED TRANSIENTS WITHOUT SCRAM
  • 11.6 POTENTIAL INITIATORS OF MULTIPLE PRESSURE TUBE RUPTURE
  • 11.7 PROBABILISTIC SAFETY ASSESSMENT

• 12. SAFETY MANAGEMENT AND PLANT OPERATION
  • 12.1 OPERATIONAL ORGANIZATION
  • 12.2 ROLE OF OPERATOR
  • 12.3 SAFETY MANAGEMENT

• 13. PLANT MODIFICATIONS
  • 13.1 POST-CHERNOBYL MODIFICATIONS
  • 13.2 MODIFICATION IMPLEMENTED DURING THE SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROGRAM
  • 13.3 NEW SAFETY IMPROVEMENT PROJECT

• REFERENCES